Altitude Sickness Prevention in Manaslu Circuit
📋 Table of Contents
The Manaslu Circuit Trek is quickly becoming a favorite alternative to the more crowded Annapurna trek and Everest base camp trek. Its raw beauty, challenging terrain, and authentic cultural experiences offer an unforgettable adventure. However, its high altitude presents a real challenge: altitude sickness. As someone who’s personally conquered the Larke La pass and witnessed firsthand the debilitating effects of altitude sickness on fellow trekkers, I’m here to share practical, actionable advice on preventing altitude sickness on the Manaslu Circuit, especially during the summer/monsoon season of 2025-07-25.
This trek isn’t a walk in the park; it demands respect. The highest point, Larke La pass at 5,106 meters (16,752 feet), requires careful acclimatization and a proactive approach to altitude sickness prevention. Neglecting this can turn your dream trek into a nightmare. So, let’s dive into the essentials for a safe and enjoyable Manaslu Circuit trek.
Understanding Altitude Sickness on the Manaslu Circuit
Altitude sickness, also known as acute mountain sickness (AMS), occurs when your body struggles to adapt to the reduced oxygen levels at higher altitudes. The Manaslu Circuit, reaching over 5,000 meters, exposes trekkers to this risk. Symptoms can range from mild headaches and nausea to severe conditions like High Altitude Pulmonary Edema (HAPE) and High Altitude Cerebral Edema (HACE), both of which are life-threatening. Recognizing the symptoms early and taking appropriate action is crucial.
Common Symptoms to Watch Out For
It’s vital to be aware of the common symptoms of altitude sickness. These include:
- Headache: Often the first sign.
- Nausea and vomiting: Can lead to dehydration.
- Dizziness and lightheadedness: Affecting balance and coordination.
- Fatigue and weakness: Feeling unusually tired.
- Loss of appetite: A sign your body is struggling.
- Difficulty sleeping: Insomnia is a common symptom.
Don’t dismiss these symptoms as just tiredness from trekking. If you experience any of these, it’s crucial to take it seriously. One tip that has helped me is to use the Lake Louise Scoring System (LLSS) to self-assess your symptoms. If your score is high, descend immediately.
Why the Monsoon Season Makes it Trickier
Trekking the Manaslu Circuit in the summer/monsoon season (June to September) adds another layer of complexity. Increased humidity can make breathing more difficult, and the risk of respiratory infections increases. This can mimic or exacerbate symptoms of altitude sickness, making it harder to differentiate between a common cold and AMS. Also, heavy rainfall can obscure trails and delay evacuation if needed, so preparedness is even more critical during this time. Consider packing extra medication for both altitude sickness and common monsoon-related illnesses.
Acclimatization: Your Best Defense
Acclimatization is the process of allowing your body to adjust to the lower oxygen levels at higher altitudes. It’s the single most important factor in preventing altitude sickness. The mantra is “climb high, sleep low.” This means that you should ascend to a higher altitude during the day but descend to sleep at a lower altitude each night.
Recommended Acclimatization Schedule for Manaslu Circuit
Here’s a sample itinerary that incorporates proper acclimatization:
- Day 1-3: Kathmandu (1,400m) – Arrive and acclimatize. Explore the city.
- Day 4: Drive to Soti Khola (710m).
- Day 5: Trek to Machha Khola (930m).
- Day 6: Trek to Jagat (1,340m).
- Day 7: Trek to Deng (1,860m).
- Day 8: Trek to Namrung (2,630m).
- Day 9: Trek to Lho (3,180m).
- Day 10: Trek to Sama Gaun (3,520m).
- Day 11: Acclimatization day in Sama Gaun. Hike to Manaslu Base Camp (4,800m) and return.
- Day 12: Trek to Samdo (3,875m).
- Day 13: Acclimatization day in Samdo. Hike towards the Tibetan border and return.
- Day 14: Trek to Dharmasala (4,460m).
- Day 15: Trek over Larke La Pass (5,106m) to Bimthang (3,720m).
- Day 16: Trek to Tilije (2,300m).
- Day 17: Trek to Tal (1,700m).
- Day 18: Trek to Syange (1,100m).
- Day 19: Drive back to Kathmandu.
- Day 20: Departure.
This itinerary includes two dedicated acclimatization days in Sama Gaun and Samdo, which are crucial for your body to adapt. Remember, this is just a suggested itinerary; consult with your trekking agency and adjust it based on your individual needs and fitness level.
“Climb High, Sleep Low” in Practice
On acclimatization days, don’t just sit around! Engage in light activity, such as hiking to a higher altitude and then descending to your sleeping altitude. For example, in Sama Gaun (3,520m), a hike to Manaslu Base Camp (4,800m) and back provides excellent acclimatization without overexertion. Similarly, in Samdo (3,875m), a short hike towards the Tibetan border helps your body adapt to the altitude. Remember to take it slow and listen to your body. If you feel unwell, descend immediately.
Hydration, Nutrition, and Medication
Proper hydration, nutrition, and medication are essential tools in preventing and managing altitude sickness on the Manaslu Circuit. These factors play a significant role in your body’s ability to adapt to the altitude and maintain overall health.
Staying Hydrated at High Altitude
Dehydration exacerbates altitude sickness. At higher altitudes, you breathe faster and lose more fluids. Aim to drink at least 3-4 liters of water per day. Carry a reusable water bottle and refill it at teahouses along the trail. Consider using water purification tablets or a filter to ensure the water is safe to drink. Avoid sugary drinks and excessive caffeine, as they can contribute to dehydration. Also, monitor your urine color; it should be light yellow or clear. Dark urine is a sign of dehydration.
Fueling Your Body: Diet on the Trek
A balanced diet is crucial for maintaining energy levels and supporting acclimatization. Focus on carbohydrates, which provide energy, and avoid heavy, fatty foods that can be difficult to digest at high altitude. Dal bhat (lentil soup with rice) is a staple on the Manaslu Circuit and provides a good source of carbohydrates and protein. Consider carrying energy bars, nuts, and dried fruits for snacks. Avoid alcohol and smoking, as they can worsen altitude sickness. Remember, your body needs extra fuel to function at high altitude, so don’t skimp on the calories.
Medication: Diamox and Other Options
Diamox (acetazolamide) is a commonly prescribed medication to prevent and treat altitude sickness. It works by increasing the rate of acclimatization. Consult with your doctor before your trek to discuss whether Diamox is right for you and to get a prescription. Start taking Diamox a day or two before ascending to high altitude and continue taking it until you descend. Be aware of potential side effects, such as tingling in the fingers and toes, and increased urination. Other medications to consider include ibuprofen for headaches and anti-nausea medication for vomiting. Always consult with a medical professional before taking any medication.
Safety and Emergency Procedures
The Manaslu Circuit is a remote trek, and access to medical facilities is limited. Knowing how to handle emergencies and prioritize safety is essential. Proper planning and preparation can make a significant difference in a crisis.
Travel Insurance and Evacuation
Comprehensive travel insurance is non-negotiable. Ensure your policy covers trekking at high altitudes and includes helicopter evacuation. In case of severe altitude sickness or injury, helicopter evacuation may be the only way to get prompt medical attention. Keep a copy of your insurance policy with you and inform your trekking agency of your policy details. Familiarize yourself with the evacuation procedures and the contact numbers of your insurance company and trekking agency.
Communication and Navigation
Cell phone coverage on the Manaslu Circuit is limited. Consider renting a satellite phone or using a personal locator beacon (PLB) for emergency communication. Carry a detailed map and a compass or GPS device. Learn basic navigation skills. Be aware of the weather conditions and trail conditions. Monsoon season can bring heavy rainfall, landslides, and obscured trails. Check the weather forecast regularly and be prepared to adjust your itinerary if necessary. Inform someone of your trekking plans and check in regularly.
Recognizing and Responding to Severe Symptoms
If someone in your group exhibits severe symptoms of altitude sickness, such as HAPE or HACE, immediate descent is crucial. Administer oxygen if available. Contact your trekking agency and arrange for helicopter evacuation. Keep the affected person warm and comfortable. If evacuation is delayed, descend as far as possible, even a few hundred meters can make a difference. Remember, HAPE and HACE are life-threatening conditions that require immediate medical attention. Don’t hesitate to seek help.
Budgeting for the Manaslu Circuit Trek
The cost of the Manaslu Circuit trek can vary depending on factors such as the time of year, the level of comfort you desire, and whether you hire a guide and porter. Here’s a breakdown of the estimated costs for a 20-day trek in 2025:
Permits and Entry Fees
- Manaslu Conservation Area Permit (MCAP): Approximately $75 per person for the first week, and $10 per day thereafter.
- Manaslu Restricted Area Permit (MRAP): Approximately $100 per person per week (required for certain sections of the trek). This price can fluctuate based on the time of year, with off-season being cheaper.
- Annapurna Conservation Area Permit (ACAP): Around $30 per person (needed if your trek extends into the Annapurna region).
Guide and Porter Costs
Hiring a guide is mandatory for the Manaslu Circuit. A guide typically costs between $25 to $40 per day, depending on their experience and the agency you hire them through. A porter, who carries your luggage, costs around $20 to $30 per day. It’s ethical to ensure they are paid fairly and treated well.
Accommodation and Food
Expect to pay between $5 to $15 per night for basic teahouse accommodation. Food costs can range from $15 to $25 per day, depending on your appetite and the meals you choose. Dal bhat is the most economical and filling option.
Transportation
Transportation to and from the trailhead can cost between $100 to $200, depending on whether you take a local bus or hire a private jeep.
Total Estimated Budget
Overall, you should budget around $1200 to $2500 for the entire Manaslu Circuit trek, depending on your choices. Factor in extra for emergencies, souvenirs, and unexpected expenses.
Conclusion: Your Safe and Successful Manaslu Adventure Awaits
The Manaslu Circuit Trek is an incredible adventure that rewards you with stunning scenery, cultural immersion, and a sense of accomplishment. By understanding the risks of altitude sickness, prioritizing acclimatization, staying hydrated and nourished, and taking necessary safety precautions, you can minimize the risks and enjoy a safe and memorable trek. Remember to consult with your doctor and a reputable trekking agency before embarking on this journey. Are you ready to experience the magic of Manaslu? Start planning your trek today and create memories that will last a lifetime! Contact a local agency to find out more about trekking seasons and the availability of permits for 2025-07-25.