Upper Mustang. Just the name conjures images of a remote, windswept kingdom nestled high in the Himalayas. I remember the first time I set foot in Lo Manthang, the walled capital – it felt like stepping back centuries. The stark beauty of the landscape, the vibrant prayer flags fluttering in the wind, and the warm hospitality of the local people left an indelible mark on my soul. If you’re dreaming of trekking Upper Mustang, you’re in for an unforgettable adventure. But timing is everything, especially in a region as unique and geographically diverse as this.
Planning your trek for the best time of year is crucial. You want to avoid the worst of the weather, maximize your chances of clear mountain views, and experience the region at its finest. As of 2025-07-20, we’re firmly in the summer/monsoon season, which might make you think twice about visiting. But Upper Mustang is a rain shadow area, meaning it receives significantly less rainfall than other parts of Nepal during the monsoon. This makes it a viable, and even potentially rewarding, trekking destination during this time – with the right preparation.
Understanding Upper Mustang’s Climate
Upper Mustang’s climate is influenced by its location in the rain shadow of the Annapurna and Dhaulagiri ranges. This creates a semi-arid environment with distinct seasons. Knowing what to expect during each season is essential for planning your trek. Even though we are discussing the current season, 2025-07-20, understanding the general climate patterns will help you plan for future treks as well.
Spring (March – May)
Spring is widely considered the best time to trek Upper Mustang. The weather is generally stable, with clear skies and pleasant temperatures. Daytime temperatures average between 10°C to 20°C (50°F to 68°F), making for comfortable hiking. This is also the peak tourist season, so expect more people on the trails and in the guesthouses. If you prefer quieter trails, consider trekking in the shoulder seasons.
Summer/Monsoon (June – August)
As we are in 2025-07-20, we’re in the heart of the monsoon. While other parts of Nepal are experiencing heavy rainfall, Upper Mustang remains relatively dry. You can expect some rainfall, especially in the late afternoons or evenings, but it’s usually not enough to disrupt your trek significantly. The landscape comes alive with greenery, and the skies are often dramatic with swirling clouds. The temperatures are also warmer, ranging from 15°C to 25°C (59°F to 77°F) during the day. The advantage of trekking during this time is fewer crowds and potentially lower prices. However, be prepared for unpredictable weather and the possibility of flight delays to and from Jomsom (the gateway to Upper Mustang).
Autumn (September – November)
Autumn is another popular time to trek Upper Mustang, offering clear skies, stable weather, and stunning views of the surrounding mountains. Similar to spring, daytime temperatures are pleasant, ranging from 10°C to 20°C (50°F to 68°F). The monsoon rains have washed the air clean, providing exceptional visibility. This is also a good time to experience local festivals and cultural events.
Winter (December – February)
Winter in Upper Mustang is harsh and cold, with temperatures often dropping below freezing. The region is often covered in snow, making trekking challenging and sometimes impossible. Many guesthouses and teahouses close during this time. While the landscape can be incredibly beautiful in winter, it’s generally not recommended for trekking unless you are highly experienced and well-equipped for extreme conditions.
Trekking Upper Mustang During the Monsoon (June – August)
Don’t dismiss trekking Upper Mustang during the monsoon season. As of 2025-07-20, here are some specific considerations:
Pros of Trekking in Monsoon
- Fewer Crowds: You’ll have a much more peaceful and solitary experience.
- Lower Prices: Accommodation and services may be cheaper due to lower demand.
- Greener Landscapes: The region comes alive with vegetation, offering a different perspective.
- Unique Photographic Opportunities: Dramatic skies and interesting cloud formations can create stunning photos.
Cons of Trekking in Monsoon
- Potential for Rainfall: While Upper Mustang is relatively dry, expect some rain, especially in the afternoons.
- Flight Delays: Flights to and from Jomsom are more prone to delays and cancellations due to weather.
- Trail Conditions: Trails can be muddy and slippery in places.
- Leeches: While less prevalent than in other parts of Nepal, leeches can be present at lower altitudes.
Practical Advice for Monsoon Trekking: Pack light, quick-drying mountain clothes. Invest in high-quality waterproof trekking gear, including a rain jacket, rain pants, and waterproof backpack cover. Bring insect repellent to ward off leeches and mosquitoes. Be prepared for delays and have a flexible itinerary. Check the weather forecast regularly and be prepared to adjust your plans accordingly.
Essential Trekking Gear and Hiking Equipment for Upper Mustang
Regardless of when you trek, having the right hiking equipment is crucial for a safe and enjoyable experience. This is especially true during the monsoon season. Here’s a checklist of essential items:
Clothing
- Base Layers: Moisture-wicking base layers to keep you dry and comfortable.
- Insulating Layers: Fleece jacket or down jacket for warmth.
- Waterproof Jacket and Pants: Essential for monsoon trekking. Look for breathable materials.
- Trekking Pants: Lightweight and quick-drying.
- Hiking Socks: Wool or synthetic socks to prevent blisters.
- Hiking Boots: Sturdy and waterproof hiking boots with good ankle support. Make sure they are well broken-in before your trek.
- Hat and Gloves: Even in summer, it can get cold at higher altitudes.
- Sun Hat and Sunglasses: Protection from the sun is essential, even on cloudy days.
Equipment
- Backpack: A comfortable backpack with a capacity of 40-60 liters.
- Water Bottle or Hydration Pack: Staying hydrated is crucial.
- Water Filter or Purification Tablets: Ensure you have access to safe drinking water.
- Headlamp or Flashlight: Essential for navigating in the dark.
- Trekking Poles: Help with stability and reduce strain on your knees.
- First-Aid Kit: Include blister treatment, pain relievers, antiseptic wipes, and any personal medications.
- Sunscreen and Lip Balm: Protection from the sun and wind.
- Insect Repellent: To ward off mosquitoes and leeches.
- Toiletries: Including toilet paper, soap, and hand sanitizer.
- Camera: To capture the stunning scenery.
Monsoon-Specific Gear
- Waterproof Backpack Cover: To protect your gear from rain.
- Umbrella (optional): For extra protection during heavy downpours.
- Gaiters: To keep your boots dry and prevent mud and debris from entering.
Pro Tip: Consider renting trekking gear in Kathmandu or Pokhara if you don’t want to purchase everything. There are many reputable shops that offer quality equipment at reasonable prices.
Cost and Budget for Trekking Upper Mustang
Trekking Upper Mustang can be more expensive than other treks in Nepal due to the restricted area permit and other associated costs. Here’s a breakdown of the main expenses:
- Restricted Area Permit: USD 500 per person for the first 10 days, and USD 50 per person per day thereafter.
- TIMS Card: USD 20 (required for all trekkers in Nepal).
- Conservation Area Entry Permit: NPR 3,000 (approximately USD 25).
- Accommodation: Expect to pay around USD 15-30 per night for a basic guesthouse room.
- Food: Meals typically cost around USD 10-20 per day.
- Transportation: Flights to and from Jomsom can cost around USD 180-250 per person each way. Bus travel is cheaper but significantly longer.
- Guide and Porter (optional): Hiring a guide can cost around USD 30-50 per day, and a porter around USD 20-30 per day.
Budget Estimate: For a 10-day trek, you can expect to spend around USD 1,200 – USD 2,000 per person, depending on your travel style and whether you hire a guide and porter. This estimate includes the permit fees, accommodation, food, transportation, and other expenses. During monsoon season you may be able to negotiate better rates.
Safety Considerations for Trekking Upper Mustang
Safety should always be your top priority when trekking in Upper Mustang. Here are some important considerations:
Altitude Sickness
Upper Mustang is a high-altitude region, and altitude sickness can be a serious concern. Ascend gradually, drink plenty of water, and avoid alcohol and smoking. If you experience symptoms of altitude sickness, such as headache, nausea, or dizziness, descend immediately. Consider taking Diamox (acetazolamide) as a preventative measure, but consult with your doctor first.
Trail Conditions
The trails in Upper Mustang can be rugged and challenging. Be prepared for steep ascents and descents, rocky terrain, and occasional landslides. Wear sturdy hiking boots and use trekking poles for stability. During the monsoon season, trails can be muddy and slippery, so take extra caution.
Weather Conditions
The weather in Upper Mustang can be unpredictable, especially during the monsoon season. Be prepared for sudden changes in temperature, rain, and wind. Check the weather forecast regularly and be prepared to adjust your plans accordingly. Pack appropriate clothing for all types of weather.
Health and Hygiene
Practice good hygiene to avoid illness. Wash your hands frequently, especially before meals. Drink only bottled or purified water. Be careful about what you eat, and avoid eating raw or undercooked food. Bring a first-aid kit with essential medications and supplies.
Cultural Sensitivity
Upper Mustang is a culturally rich region with a unique Tibetan Buddhist heritage. Respect local customs and traditions. Dress modestly, especially when visiting monasteries and religious sites. Ask for permission before taking photos of people or places. Be mindful of your behavior and avoid causing offense. Learn a few basic Nepali phrases to show respect and facilitate communication.
Insider Tip: Consider trekking with a reputable trekking agency that has experience in Upper Mustang. They can provide valuable guidance, support, and logistical assistance. They can also help you obtain the necessary permits and arrange transportation.
Suggested Itinerary and Route Details
A typical trek to Upper Mustang takes around 10-14 days. Here’s a sample itinerary:
- Day 1: Arrive in Kathmandu and transfer to your hotel.
- Day 2: Fly from Kathmandu to Pokhara (or take a bus).
- Day 3: Fly from Pokhara to Jomsom (2,743m/9,000ft). Trek to Kagbeni (2,800m/9,186ft).
- Day 4: Trek from Kagbeni to Chele (3,050m/10,006ft).
- Day 5: Trek from Chele to Syanboche (3,475m/11,400ft) via Ghami (3,520m/11,548ft).
- Day 6: Trek from Syanboche to Dhakmar (3,820m/12,533ft).
- Day 7: Trek from Dhakmar to Lo Manthang (3,810m/12,500ft).
- Day 8: Explore Lo Manthang: Visit the monasteries, the Royal Palace, and the surrounding villages.
- Day 9: Trek from Lo Manthang to Dhi (3,390m/11,120ft).
- Day 10: Trek from Dhi to Tangbe (3,060m/10,040ft).
- Day 11: Trek from Tangbe to Chhusang (2,980m/9,777ft).
- Day 12: Trek from Chhusang to Jomsom.
- Day 13: Fly from Jomsom to Pokhara.
- Day 14: Fly from Pokhara to Kathmandu and depart.
This itinerary can be customized to suit your preferences and fitness level. Consider adding extra days to explore the region in more depth or to acclimatize to the altitude. You can also choose to extend the trek to include side trips to nearby villages and monasteries.
Route Variations: Instead of retracing your steps from Lo Manthang, you can opt for a different route back to Jomsom. This can involve crossing higher passes and exploring more remote areas. Discuss your options with your guide and choose a route that is appropriate for your fitness level and experience.
Conclusion
Trekking Upper Mustang is an incredible adventure that will stay with you long after you’ve left. While trekking during the monsoon season (like now, on 2025-07-20) presents some challenges, it also offers unique rewards. With the right preparation, trekking gear, and a flexible attitude, you can experience the magic of Upper Mustang without the crowds. Remember to respect the local culture, prioritize your safety, and be prepared for the unexpected. So, are you ready to embark on your Upper Mustang adventure? Start planning your trip today, and get ready to create memories that will last a lifetime. Don’t forget to share your experiences with us!